❄️ Liquefaction Facilities in Europe

Liquefaction is the critical bottleneck for maritime hydrogen supply. Only 3 facilities are currently operational in Europe, with a combined capacity of approximately 30 tons/day. Several projects are in development to address this gap. Most notably Air Product’s new liquefaction facility in Rotterdam which will double LH2 production capacity in Europe.

Even for liquid hydrogen transportation over a longer distance becomes expensive. Therefore it is important to see liquefaction capacity as well as geographical spread increase over the next years. If all listed projects materialize capacity will increase to as much as 170 tons/day . Which is adequate to serve the first pioneers of ships on liquid hydrogen, but yet much larger capacity will be needed to take a large share of the short-sea fleet.

💡 Green = Operational | Yellow = Under Construction | Grey = Pre-FID/Planned | Red = Delayed

Hydrogen Production: For a comprehensive view of hydrogen infrastructure development worldwide, explore the IEA Hydrogen Tracker. This interactive tool from the International Energy Agency tracks nearly 2,000 low-emissions hydrogen production projects globally, along with infrastructure developments including pipelines, underground storage facilities, and import/export terminals. The database covers both operational facilities and announced projects, providing valuable context for understanding how European liquefaction capacity fits into the global hydrogen supply chain. The tracker is updated annually and complements the IEA’s Global Hydrogen Review.