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  • South Korea Charts New Course with Launch of First Hydrogen Fuel-Cell Vessel

    December 18, 2024 marked a watershed moment for maritime decarbonization as VINSSEN, a South Korean clean technology firm, launched the Hydro Zenith — the nation’s first hydrogen fuel-cell powered vessel built in full compliance with official safety standards.

    Source: Vinssen

    The launch ceremony at VINSSEN’s Yeongam facility drew over 100 attendees, including government officials from Jeollanam-do Province and Yeongam County, industry partners, and research institutions. This milestone represents more than just a technological achievement; it signals South Korea’s serious commitment to transforming its maritime sector toward zero-emission operations.

    A Vessel Built on New Standards

    What sets Hydro Zenith apart is its development under the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries’ Interim Standards, established in 2023 specifically for hydrogen fuel-cell propulsion vessels. These regulations provide a clear framework for design, equipment configuration, and inspection procedures, enabling hydrogen-powered ships to be built and certified within existing ship safety laws.

    The leisure vessel showcases impressive technical specifications. Its hybrid propulsion system combines two 100 kW hydrogen fuel cells with four 92 kWh battery packs, delivering speeds up to 20 knots (approximately 37 km/h) while producing zero emissions. The hydrogen fuel cell technology operates by creating an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen at the anode and cathode, generating direct current electricity along with only heat and water as byproducts.

    Smart Technology Meets Clean Energy

    Beyond its clean propulsion system, Hydro Zenith integrates sophisticated digital monitoring capabilities that track vessel performance and energy consumption in real-time. This data-driven approach enables predictive maintenance and optimized operations — essential features as the maritime industry transitions toward digital management systems.

    The vessel’s hydrogen fuel cell system has undergone rigorous safety verification through pre-certification by the Korea Marine Traffic Safety Authority (KOMSA), demonstrating that it can be deployed without requiring regulatory exemptions. This achievement is particularly significant as it proves hydrogen technology can meet stringent maritime safety requirements.

    Public-Private Collaboration at Work

    The Hydro Zenith project exemplifies effective public-private partnership, with joint funding from Jeollanam-do Province, Yeongam County, and VINSSEN, supported by leading Korean research institutions including JNTP, KOMERI, and KITECH. Each partner brought specialized expertise: technical and regulatory support, hull stability assessment, fuel cell system performance evaluation, and advanced welding technology.

    VINSSEN CEO Chil Han Lee emphasized the project’s broader significance, noting it represents an essential step toward achieving carbon neutrality and improving Korea’s maritime environment. The company, which holds over 50 patents related to electric propulsion and hydrogen fuel cell systems, aims to convert diesel-powered vessels into eco-friendly alternatives.

    The Path Forward: Sea Trials and Beyond

    With the launch complete, Hydro Zenith will now undergo comprehensive real-sea trials to validate hydrogen vessel safety standards and demonstrate operational viability. These trials will provide critical data to accelerate the commercialization of zero-emission marine mobility solutions.

    VINSSEN isn’t stopping here. The company recently showcased its 100 kW and 250 kW marine hydrogen fuel cell systems, both currently undergoing type approval processes. In March 2025, VINSSEN also secured Approval in Principle from Korean Register for what would be South Korea’s first hydrogen fuel-cell powered tugboat, featuring a robust 2,700 kW system.

    The company has already received international recognition as well, including Type Approval from Italian classification society RINA for its 60 kW maritime fuel cell stack, and project-based approval from Bureau Veritas for trials conducted in Singapore with partners including Shell, Seatrium Limited, and Air Liquide.

    Korea’s Hydrogen Maritime Vision

    The Hydro Zenith launch fits into South Korea’s ambitious national hydrogen strategy. The country has positioned itself as a global hydrogen frontrunner, with Hyundai Motor launching the world’s first commercial fuel cell electric vehicle back in 2013. The government’s Hydrogen Economy Roadmap sets aggressive targets: producing 6.2 million fuel cell electric vehicles by 2040 and establishing 15 gigawatts of fuel cell power generation capacity.

    While fuel cell systems have been demonstrated on smaller vessels for shorter routes, commercial-scale deployment on large ships remains an ongoing challenge. However, projects like Hydro Zenith provide essential proof-of-concept and regulatory frameworks that could pave the way for broader adoption.

    The Bigger Picture

    As the maritime industry faces mounting pressure to reduce its carbon footprint, hydrogen fuel cells offer a promising pathway forward. Unlike battery-electric systems limited by weight and range constraints, hydrogen can provide the energy density needed for longer voyages while producing zero emissions at the point of use.

    The success of Hydro Zenith demonstrates that hydrogen marine technology is moving from experimental concept to regulatory-compliant reality. With proper safety frameworks, technological innovation, and collaborative partnerships, hydrogen-powered vessels could become a significant part of the maritime decarbonization puzzle.

    VINSSEN’s achievement also highlights South Korea’s strategic approach to building a complete hydrogen ecosystem — from production facilities and refueling infrastructure to end-use applications across automotive, industrial, and now maritime sectors.

    As Hydro Zenith prepares for its sea trials in 2025, the maritime industry will be watching closely. The data and operational experience gained from this pioneering vessel could help chart the course for hydrogen’s role in achieving the sector’s ambitious climate goals.

    The Hydro Zenith represents not just a technological milestone, but a tangible step toward reimagining marine transportation for a zero-emission future. As countries worldwide seek pathways to maritime decarbonization, South Korea’s integrated approach — combining regulatory frameworks, public-private partnerships, and technological innovation — offers valuable lessons for the global shipping industry.

  • Five new hydrogen vessels receive Dutch subsidy

    On Thursday 06 February five new hydrogen vessels were granted a subsidy by the Dutch government under Maritime Masterplan program. Two methanol and two carbon capture projects received subsidy too. This first call included a total budget of €85 million of which €40 was allocated to hydrogen vessels. For those who missed out, a next call is planned for next year. Among this years winners are the following projects.

    H2ESTIA: A Zero-Emission Coaster

    H2ESTIA is a 5,000 DWT hydrogen-powered coaster, developed by a consortium led by NIM. It features a 1.5 MW LT-PEM fuel cell, a 1 MW battery, and electric propulsion. The ship carries 200m³ of liquid hydrogen (11 tons) and boasts a 1,700 NM range, assisted by e-sails and a waste heat recovery system. This project is a major step toward sustainable coastal shipping.

    Source: Maritiem Masterplan

    Hydrogen-Powered River Cruiser

    A hydrogen-powered river cruise vessel is under development for operations on the Rhine and Danube. It measures 110m x 11m and reaches speeds of up to 22 km/h. This project introduces hydrogen as a clean energy source for the river cruise industry, reducing emissions on inland waterways.

    Hybrid H2 ICE-FC Dredging Vessel

    The Gaasterland, a deep-suction dredger motor barge, is being upgraded with a hybrid hydrogen internal combustion engine (ICE) and fuel cell system. This retrofit aims to reduce emissions while maintaining operational efficiency. The project involves Mineralis B.V., NPS Driven B.V., TNO, and other industry leaders.

    Columbus Zero One: Hydrogen-Powered Inland Transport

    Columbus Zero One is a small, zero-emission hydrogen-powered barge designed for transporting construction materials between the IJsselmeer and Randstad. The ship operates on compressed hydrogen (350 bar), setting a benchmark for sustainable inland shipping.

    Hydro Navis: Liquid Hydrogen Transport

    Hydro Navis is a new zero-emission vessel designed for steel plate transport in wind farm construction. It features a cryogenic liquid hydrogen tank, ensuring efficient and clean operations. The project is supported by NPRC, Hydro-Nova, Marin, NIM, and Concordia Damen Shipyard.

    Source: Maritiem Masterplan

    MOBY NL: Methanol-Powered Bunkering Ship

    MOBY NL is a newly built bunkering vessel operating in the Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp (ARA) region. The 135m x 11.45m methanol tanker exceeds 6,000 GT and features a dual-fuel methanol propulsion system. The project is backed by Victrol, Shipping Technology, NIM, and other key partners.

    Methanorms: Geophysical Survey Vessel

    Methanorms is a DP-1 geophysical survey vessel designed for efficient execution and real-time monitoring. Its success lies in prior research, scalability, and regulatory compliance. It serves as a model for future survey vessels operating with lower environmental impact.

    BLUE HORIZON: Carbon Capture for LNG Tankers

    Coral Energy, an LNG tanker (115m x 22m, 13,501 GT), is being equipped with a carbon capture system to reduce CO₂ emissions. This project demonstrates how carbon capture can enhance the sustainability of LNG-powered vessels.

    ME2CC: Compact Carbon Capture for LNG Ships

    The Maritime Efficient & Easy Carbon Capture (ME2CC) project is focused on developing compact carbon capture systems for LNG-powered vessels. The first implementation will be on MV Kvitbjorn, a Samskip-operated ship. This technology could bridge the gap toward zero-emission shipping.

    A Step Toward a Cleaner Future

    These projects highlight the rapid advancements in hydrogen and alternative fuel shipping. It is good to see these projects receive capex support. This is the way to develop green hydrogen shipping. After Norway leading the way it is good to see the Dutch following and we can only hope for more.

  • New Hydrogen Ship Discoveries: January 2025

    Over the past month, I have discovered several hydrogen-powered shipbuilding projects that highlight the growing adoption of this sustainable fuel in the maritime industry. These projects span diverse vessel types, from research ships to inland barges and innovative catamarans. From now on I will follow these projects and keep you informed about them. Below is a summary of these four notable developments.

    Lithuania’s First Hydrogen-Powered Ship

    Lithuania has launched its first hydrogen-powered vessel, a pioneering step for the Baltic region. Developed by KN Energies in partnership with Port of Klaipėda, this vessel is designed for port operations and logistical support. The ship is equipped with a hybrid propulsion system, combining hydrogen fuel cells with battery storage to optimize efficiency. This marks a significant milestone for Lithuania’s decarbonization efforts in the maritime sector, demonstrating a shift toward cleaner port activities.

    Source: Port of Klaipeda

    Beyond its environmental benefits, the vessel’s design focuses on operational flexibility. The hybrid system allows it to adapt to varying power demands while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By incorporating hydrogen, the port aims to set an example for future projects, aligning with the European Union’s broader clean energy initiatives. This development reinforces the role of hydrogen in coastal and port applications, paving the way for further regional investments in green maritime technologies.

    Hydrogen-Hybrid Coastal Research Vessel

    The Scripps Institution of Oceanography has initiated the shipyard selection process for a groundbreaking hydrogen-hybrid Coastal Class research vessel. This ship, part of a broader initiative to decarbonize oceanographic research, will be equipped with hydrogen fuel cells supplemented by battery storage, ensuring near-zero emissions during operations. The vessel’s design focuses on silent, low-impact propulsion, which is crucial for scientific studies that require minimal interference with marine ecosystems.

    Source: Glosten

    A key advantage of this hydrogen-hybrid configuration is its extended operational range, allowing researchers to conduct long-duration missions without relying on fossil fuels. By pioneering hydrogen adoption in research fleets, Scripps sets a precedent for academia and government agencies looking to transition to sustainable marine technologies. This project represents a major step toward reducing the environmental footprint of scientific exploration at sea.

    Rhenus Hydrogen-Powered Coupled Barges

    Logistics giant Rhenus is making a bold move with the introduction of 70 cleaner coupled barges, incorporating hydrogen-based propulsion. These vessels will serve European inland waterways, significantly cutting emissions in a sector that has long relied on diesel engines. With hydrogen fuel cells providing the primary energy source, these barges represent a major leap forward for sustainable inland shipping, a critical component of Europe’s transport network.

    Source: Rhenus Group

    By replacing conventional engines with hydrogen-powered systems, Rhenus aims to align with EU regulations targeting emissions reductions in inland waterways. The project underscores the potential for hydrogen in large-scale commercial applications, proving that clean energy solutions can be economically viable. If successful, this fleet could set a precedent for similar initiatives across Europe, transforming inland shipping into a low-emission alternative.

    Prometeo: Europe’s First Hydrogen-Electric Catamaran

    French company Green Navy has introduced Prometeo, the first hydrogen-electric catamaran in Europe. Designed for passenger transport and leisure applications, this vessel operates entirely on hydrogen fuel cells, producing zero emissions. The catamaran’s design emphasizes efficiency, with lightweight materials and streamlined hulls to maximize performance. As a result, it offers a practical alternative to diesel-powered vessels in coastal and inland waters.

    Source: Green Navy

    Prometeo showcases the potential for hydrogen-electric propulsion in the leisure and transport sectors, where sustainability is becoming an increasing priority. The vessel’s development highlights France’s commitment to green maritime technology, potentially inspiring other shipbuilders to follow suit. As hydrogen infrastructure continues to expand, vessels like Prometeo may become more commonplace, helping to decarbonize the wider maritime industry.

    Four more exciting project to follow

    These four projects demonstrate the accelerating pace of hydrogen adoption in maritime applications. From inland barges to oceanographic research vessels, hydrogen is proving to be a viable alternative to fossil fuels, driving innovation across multiple segments of the industry. As more shipbuilders and operators commit to hydrogen, the path to a cleaner maritime future is becoming increasingly clear.

  • Revolutionizing Clean Shipping with BeHydro’s Hydrogen Engines

    BeHydro’s approach is fascinating. Their hydrogen engines combine the familiarity of combustion technology with the cleanest fuel, making them an appealing solution for shipbuilders and operators. By integrating hydrogen into a well-known engine format, they address a critical challenge: adopting new technology without overhauling existing expertise.

    BeHydro’s hydrogen engines are driving a new era in sustainable maritime transport. The Dutch government has chosen these engines for a subsidy program aimed at slashing shipping emissions. This decision highlights the Netherlands’ leadership in green shipping technology.

    BeHydro, a collaboration between ABC Engines and CMB.TECH, produces dual-fuel and hydrogen-only engines. Their products deliver power ranging from 600 kW to 2.7 MW, making them suitable for many vessel types. These engines significantly cut greenhouse gas emissions, helping the maritime industry reduce its carbon footprint.

    Source: BeHydro

    The subsidy program promotes innovative technologies for cleaner shipping. With BeHydro’s engines, vessels can operate more sustainably and reduce their environmental impact.

    Hydrogen’s role in shipping continues to grow. Its ability to enable zero-emission operations positions it as a key solution for meeting global climate targets. BeHydro’s engines offer a practical way for ships to adopt this green fuel.

    This program also supports BeHydro’s expansion and cements the Netherlands’ role in maritime innovation. By focusing on cleaner technologies, the shipping industry can accelerate its transition to greener operations.

    The partnership between BeHydro and the Dutch government exemplifies how innovation and support can create lasting environmental change. Hydrogen engines are steering the shipping sector towards a cleaner future.

  • 2024: Record deliveries and orders

    While 2024 is generally seen as a year of delays and set-backs for industrial hydrogen projects, not so for hydrogen in shipbuilding. This year has been very eventful with a large number of hydrogen-fueled ships entering into operation(6) as well as new ships (16!) being announced, backed by subsidies from Norway and the EU. This is a very positive development, especially because these newly publicized vessels are significantly larger in size and power requirement.

    Many vessels delivered

    In 2024 a large number hydrogen vessels entered into operation, which clearly demonstrate the feasibility of hydrogen as fuel. Among those vessels are the following.

    • Project 821, the Feadship superyacht on liquid hydrogen. See details here.
    • Hydromer dredging vessel, though awaiting the hydrogen installation on deck
    • Coastal Liberty with a hydrogen system for auxiliary power on deck.
    • H2 Barge 2, the next inland vessel of Future Proof Shipping.
    • Zulu 06 another inland barge on hydrogen.
    • Hydrocat 55, another crew transfer vessel of Windcat.

    Enova enables more project of zero-emission ships

    This year Enova, Norway’s state enterprise dedicated to promoting environmentally friendly energy solutions, significantly advanced the maritime sector’s transition to zero-emission vessels through substantial funding initiatives.

    In June, Enova announced its largest-ever funding allocation within the maritime transport sector, committing NOK 1.2 billion to support the development of ammonia and hydrogen-powered vessels. Then in December the next funding round was announced with two more hydrogen vessels.

    The beneficiaries to develop the 11 more hydrogen ships are:

    • Maris Fiducia five hydrogen-powered dry-bulk vessels.
    • Halten Bulk: two dry bulk vessels.
    • Napier: two general cargo ships.
    • Møre Sjø: live fish carrier.
    • Cruise Service: two hydrogen-powered passenger vessels.

    Equally important, in a separate funding round, Enova granted EUR 65 million to five hydrogen production projects aimed at supplying fuel for ships.

    And so does the EU

    On 22 October results of the 2023 EU Innovation Fund call were announced. 85 innovative net-zero projects were selected to receive grants of a total €4.8 billion. A small part of this went so shipping projects to demonstrate the feasibility of sailing on liquid hydrogen.

    • Swap2Zero Ponant’s cruise ship project with liquid hydrogen for auxiliary power
    • Samskip’s HydroShuttles two liquid hydrogen-powered containerships.
    • Energy Observer 2 a 1,100 TEU containership on liquid hydrogen.

    More information will be made available on this site’s ships page.

    The awarded EU Innovation Fund grants will also support a number of industrial developments of hydrogen infrastructure in compressed and liquid state to support the maritime industry. More details on that later in this blog.

    On a slightly smaller scale but equally important, the Dutch Maritime Masterplan has also awarded subsidies to a few hydrogen shipbuilding projects just before the end of 2024. However these have not yet been publicly announced.

  • China Launches Hydrogen-Powered Inland Container Vessel

    Just when you wonder why China is not exploring the potential of hydrogen as fuel for inland barges, news drops of the first vessel being launched already.

    China has taken a major step in advancing zero-emission maritime technology with the launch of its first large hydrogen fuel cell-powered inland container vessel, the Dong Fang Qing Gang. This innovative vessel highlights China’s commitment to reducing emissions from its inland shipping sector while exploring the potential of hydrogen fuel cell technology.

    Key Features of Dong Fang Qing Gang

    • Hydrogen Fuel Cells: The vessel is equipped with two 240 kW hydrogen fuel cells developed by Sinosynergy, marking the company’s entry into high-power maritime applications.
    • Hydrogen Storage: Its storage system holds 550 kg of hydrogen, enabling a range of approximately 235 miles.
    • Hybrid System: A lithium battery complements the hydrogen power system for increased efficiency.
    • Specifications: The vessel measures 64.9 meters, displaces 2,000 tons, and has a capacity of 64 TEU (equivalent to approximately 1,450 tons).

    Launched in Zhejiang Province on December 18, 2024, the vessel is set to undergo outfitting and testing, with commercial operations between Zhapu port (Jiaxing) and Xiasha port (Hangzhou) beginning in 2025.

    A Global Perspective: Dutch Innovations in Hydrogen Barges

    China’s Dong Fang Qing Gang reflects a growing global interest in hydrogen-powered inland shipping. The Netherlands, a leader in maritime innovation, has been pioneering similar solutions:

    1. Nobian’s Hydrogen Barge: Developed for the transport of salt and chemicals, the Antonie leverages hydrogen fuel cells to achieve emissions-free operation.
    2. Future Proof Shipping’s FPS Maas: Retrofitted with hydrogen fuel cells, the FPS Maas is already operational, showcasing the viability of hydrogen in commercial inland shipping.
    3. Condor H2 Hydrogen Container Swapping: This innovative Dutch system simplifies refueling by enabling hydrogen containers to be swapped seamlessly, ensuring minimal downtime and increased operational flexibility.

    Significance of Hydrogen-Powered Vessels

    Both the Dutch and Chinese initiatives underline the potential of hydrogen as a scalable, sustainable energy source for maritime transport.

    The launch of Dong Fang Qing Gang and similar projects around the world underscore the transformative potential of hydrogen in revolutionizing inland and coastal shipping.

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  • December 2024 Norway subsidy results

    Hydrogen Projects score poorly in Norway’s latest Zero-Emission Vessel Funding

    Norway’s recent allocation of approximately $108 million to 14 zero-emission vessel projects underscores its commitment to sustainable maritime solutions. However, it’s notable that only two hydrogen-powered vessels received funding, despite numerous applications in this category.

    Among the projects awarded, Cruise Service AS secured the subsidy for two hydrogen-powered passenger vessels. Details are not known.

    The limited support for hydrogen initiatives is concerning, given hydrogen’s potential to revolutionize maritime transport, particularly in shortsea shipping. By not capitalizing on the opportunity to fund a broader range of hydrogen projects, Norway may be missing a chance to lead in this transformative technology.

    It’s encouraging to note that Enova plans to hold additional funding rounds, with the next call for hydrogen and ammonia programs anticipated at the end of the first quarter of 2025. This presents an opportunity to reassess and potentially increase support for hydrogen-based maritime solutions in future allocations.

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